Employment tribunal process

Overview

The tribunal process follows a series of formal stages with strict deadlines.

Most claims settle before a final hearing, but preparation is key.

Typical stages

1. 01

   ET1 filed

   Your claim is submitted to the tribunal.

2. 02

   ET3 response

   The employer files their response.

3. 03

   Case management

   The tribunal issues orders and sets deadlines.

4. 04

   Disclosure

   Both sides exchange relevant documents.

5. 05

   Witness statements

   Each side prepares written evidence.

6. 06

   Final hearing

   The tribunal hears evidence and makes a decision.

Disclosure and evidence

• Disclose documents that support or undermine your case.
• Keep originals and track versions of key files.
• Use a clear index to avoid confusion at the hearing.

Hearing outcomes

• The tribunal can dismiss the claim, uphold it, or make partial findings.
• Remedies can include compensation and recommendations.
• Costs are uncommon but can be awarded for unreasonable conduct.

Common questions